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Ikiodiete George
- 3 Min Read
Neco Biology Exam (2025/2026): Full List Of Most Repeated Topics & Past Questions
Biology is one of the most popular science subjects in NECO. Every year, NECO repeats many Biology questions—especially from key topics like genetics, classification, ecology, and reproduction. If you're aiming to score A1, this blog post is your study shortcut.
Here’s what we’ll cover:
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Most repeated Biology topics in NECO
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Sample past questions (OBJ & Essay)
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Practical questions & diagrams
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Tips to pass NECO Biology with confidence
NECO Biology Exam Format (2025/2026)
| Paper | Section | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Paper I | Objective (OBJ) | 50 compulsory multiple-choice questions |
| Paper II | Theory/Essay | 6–7 structured questions (answer any 4) |
| Paper III | Practical or Alt. | Identification, drawing, labelling, and observation tasks |
Most Repeated Topics in NECO Biology
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Cell Structure & Functions | Animal vs plant cell, organelles and their roles |
| Classification of Living Things | Kingdoms, phyla, binomial nomenclature |
| Reproduction | Sexual/asexual, fertilization, reproduction in humans/plants |
| Ecology | Food chain, pyramid, balance in nature, adaptation |
| Genetics & Variation | Mendel’s law, dominant/recessive genes, monohybrid cross |
| Digestive System | Human and animal digestion, enzymes, organs |
| Transport System in Animals | Circulatory system, blood, vessels, heart functions |
| Photosynthesis & Respiration | Equation, importance, light/dark reactions |
| Excretion & Homeostasis | Organs of excretion, water balance, temperature regulation |
| Sense Organs | Eye, ear, skin, their structure and functions |
Sample NECO Biology Objective Questions
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Which of the following is a characteristic of living things?
A. Movement only
B. Growth and respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Feeding only
✅ Answer: B -
The hereditary material in the cell is...
A. Cytoplasm
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosome
✅ Answer: C -
Which organ is responsible for filtering urea from the blood?
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Heart
D. Skin
✅ Answer: B
Sample NECO Biology Essay Questions (Frequently Repeated)
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Describe the structure and functions of the human heart (use a well-labelled diagram).
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Define photosynthesis and write its chemical equation.
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Explain the menstrual cycle and mention the hormones involved.
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Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.
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State five adaptations of animals to their habitats.
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With examples, explain five agents of seed dispersal.
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Draw and label the human digestive system.
NECO Biology Practical/Alternative to Practical (Paper III)
You may be asked to identify or draw any of the following:
| Specimen/Diagram | Task |
|---|---|
| Tap root and fibrous root | Identify, draw, and compare differences |
| Bone or skull specimens | Identify parts of vertebrate skeleton |
| Microscopic cell slides | Draw and label animal/plant cells |
| Flowers or leaves | Label parts and state functions |
| Insects (e.g. mosquito, butterfly) | Describe parts and mode of feeding |
Yearly Trends of Repeated Topics
| Year | Frequently Repeated Topics |
|---|---|
| 2024 | Genetics, ecology, reproduction, digestive system |
| 2023 | Cell structure, photosynthesis, excretion, human heart |
| 2022 | Food chain, variation, classification, respiratory system |
| 2021 | Blood circulation, kidney functions, plant reproduction |
Key Definitions You Must Know
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | The basic structural and functional unit of life |
| Gene | A unit of heredity that controls a specific trait |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants make food using sunlight |
| Osmosis | Movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane |
| Mutation | A permanent change in the DNA of an organism |
Tips to Pass NECO Biology with A1
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Study past questions—especially from 2019 to 2024
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Draw diagrams neatly and label them clearly in theory and practicals
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Understand functions, processes, and definitions, not just memorizing
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Time yourself when practicing to simulate exam conditions
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Focus more on the most repeated and scoring topics
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Is NECO Biology hard?
Not if you prepare using repeated questions and diagrams. It's one of the easiest science subjects to score high.
Q: Do diagrams carry marks?
Yes. A neat, labelled diagram can earn you up to 5–7 marks in theory or practical.
Q: Can I study with only past questions?
Past questions help a lot, but use them alongside your textbook and notes for better understanding.
Q: Will NECO repeat the same questions?
Often, yes. Many questions are repeated directly or reworded slightly.
Final Thoughts
To pass the NECO Biology Exam (2025/2026), focus on repeated topics, master diagrams, and understand basic processes in nature. Questions on reproduction, ecology, genetics, and body systems always come up. Study smart—not hard—and you'll walk into the exam hall confident and ready.
“Biology is the study of life—understand it, and you’ll pass with ease.”
