Waec Biology Exam (2025/2026): Full List Of Highly Repeated Topics & Past Questions

Biology is one of the most popular science subjects in WAEC, and every year, many students fail not because it’s too difficult, but because they focus on the wrong areas. WAEC often repeats questions from a fixed list of topics — just with different formats or wording.

Want to pass WAEC Biology in one sitting? Focus on repeated topics and master how the questions are asked.

This 2025/2026 guide will help you:

• Identify the most repeated WAEC Biology topics

• See sample past questions

• Learn the best way to study them

• Get tips for theory, practical, and objectives

Most Repeated Topics in WAEC Biology

Below is a table showing the most frequently tested topics in WAEC Biology (both theory and objective):

Sample WAEC Biology Past Questions (With Solutions)

Here are real questions based on repeated WAEC Biology topics:

1. Cell Structure

Question: State two differences between plant and animal cells.
(WAEC June 2022)

Answer:

• Plant cells have a cell wall; animal cells do not.

• Plant cells contain chloroplasts; animal cells don’t.

2. Photosynthesis

Question: List the raw materials and end products of photosynthesis.
(WAEC June 2021)

Answer:

• Raw materials: Carbon dioxide and water

• Products: Glucose and oxygen

3. Genetics

Question: Define the term ‘allele’ and give one example.
(WAEC June 2020)

Answer:

• An allele is a variant form of a gene.

• Example: Gene for eye color may have a blue or brown allele.

4. Human Nutrition

Question: Name the enzyme that digests protein in the stomach and state the end product.
(WAEC June 2023)

Answer:

• Pepsin digests protein into peptides/amino acids.

5. Reproduction

Question: Mention two differences between sexual and asexual reproduction.
(WAEC June 2022)

Answer:

• Sexual reproduction involves two parents; asexual involves one.

• Sexual leads to genetic variation; asexual does not.

6. Ecology

Question: Define food chain and draw a simple one.
(WAEC June 2020)

Answer:

• A food chain shows how energy is transferred from one organism to another.
  Example: Grass → Grasshopper → Lizard → Hawk

7. Transport in Humans

Question: Name the components of human blood.
(WAEC June 2021)

Answer:

• Red blood cells

• White blood cells

• Platelets

• Plasma

Smart Tips to Prepare for WAEC Biology

1. Study by topic, not by chapter. Prioritize repeated areas.

2. Use WAEC past questions from the last 10 years.

3. Draw and label diagrams — especially in topics like the heart, kidney, leaf, etc.

4. Create flashcards for definitions and terms.

5. Take mock CBT quizzes for objective section practice.

6. Practice how to write short, direct answers — especially for theory.

7. Revise WAEC practical specimens and how to describe them.

WAEC Biology Grading System

Tip: Show full working and label all diagrams — WAEC rewards clarity and accuracy.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: Does WAEC repeat Biology questions?
Yes, WAEC often repeats topics and question patterns, especially in objectives.

Q: Is Biology theory more important than objective?
Both are equally important. Your final grade is based on objective, theory, and practical papers.

Q: What paper covers diagrams and experiment descriptions?
Paper 2 (Theory) often includes labeled diagrams, while Paper 3 is for practical specimen identification.

Q: Can I pass without reading the textbook?
You need at least notes and past questions. The textbook helps with deeper understanding.

Final Tips

To succeed in WAEC Biology:

Focus on topics WAEC loves to test. Practice past questions. Understand — don’t cram.

With the right strategy, you can move from C6 to A1, even if Biology isn’t your strongest subject.