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Ikiodiete George
- 3 Min Read
Waec Gce Geography Exam (2025/2026): Full List Of Most Repeated Topics & Past Questions
Geography is one of the most important subjects for science, art, and commercial students preparing for WAEC GCE. Whether you’re writing the first or second series, smart revision using repeated questions and key topics is the secret to passing with distinction.
This guide will walk you through the most commonly asked WAEC GCE Geography topics, past questions, exam format, and effective tips to help you stay ahead.
WAEC GCE Geography Exam Format
| Paper | Content | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Paper 1 | Objective (Multiple Choice) | 50 questions from physical, human, and regional geography |
| Paper 2 | Theory & Map Reading | Essay questions + map work, including interpretation and location skills |
| Paper 3 | Practical Geography (for some series) | Measurement, data analysis, drawing graphs, climate data, population data |
Most Repeated Topics in WAEC GCE Geography
| Section | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Physical Geography | Rocks, weathering, climate, river & coastal processes, vegetation zones |
| Map Reading | Contour lines, compass directions, grid references, interpretation of topomap |
| Environmental Geography | Environmental hazards (flooding, erosion, desertification), conservation |
| Human Geography | Population, migration, settlement patterns, urbanization |
| Economic Geography | Agriculture (types, challenges), mining, industry, trade and transportation |
| Regional Geography | Nigeria: vegetation, drainage, agriculture, resources |
| Fieldwork & Practical | Data collection, climate data analysis, drawing graphs |
WAEC GCE Geography Past Objective Questions (Paper 1)
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Which of the following is a sedimentary rock?
A. Granite
B. Basalt
C. Limestone
D. Gneiss
✅ Correct Answer: C -
The type of rainfall associated with thunderstorms in the tropics is
A. cyclonic rainfall
B. orographic rainfall
C. convectional rainfall
D. frontal rainfall
✅ Correct Answer: C -
Which instrument is used to measure relative humidity?
A. Barometer
B. Hygrometer
C. Thermometer
D. Anemometer
✅ Correct Answer: B
WAEC GCE Geography Past Theory Questions (Paper 2)
Question 1 (Repeated):
(a) Describe three types of rainfall.
(b) State two characteristics of each type.
Sample Answer Outline:
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Convectional Rainfall: Caused by rising warm air in tropical areas.
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Orographic Rainfall: Formed when moist air is forced up by mountains.
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Cyclonic Rainfall: Caused by meeting of warm and cold air masses.
Question 2 (Repeated):
(a) Explain the term population census.
(b) Outline three problems encountered during census taking in Nigeria.
Question 3 (Likely to Repeat):
Using a sketch map, describe any three types of drainage patterns.
| Drainage Pattern | Description |
|---|---|
| Dendritic | Tree-like branching of rivers; common in uniform rock structures |
| Trellis | Parallel tributaries join at right angles; in folded rock regions |
| Radial | Rivers flow outward from a central point, like a volcano |
Map Reading & Interpretation – Common Questions
| Topic | Skills Tested |
|---|---|
| Contour Interpretation | Identifying hills, valleys, ridges, slopes |
| Compass Bearings | Calculating direction between two points using 8- or 16-point compass |
| Grid References | Locating features using Eastings and Northings |
| Cross-Section Drawing | Drawing and labeling a profile from contour lines |
Most Repeated Geography Topics by Year
| Year | Frequently Asked Topics |
|---|---|
| 2024 | Population, map reading, convectional rainfall |
| 2023 | River processes, mining in Nigeria, vegetation zones |
| 2022 | Compass bearings, settlement types, transportation |
| 2021 | Rocks and their types, urbanization, contour interpretation |
| 2020 | Climatic regions, trade and ECOWAS, land use |
Smart Tips to Score A1 in WAEC GCE Geography
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Practice past map work questions (especially contour interpretation)
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Revise diagrams: drainage patterns, rock types, rainfall types
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Study your atlas and Nigeria's regional geography well
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Don’t neglect practical geography: graphs, climate data, population charts
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Understand definitions and use real examples in essays
WAEC GCE Geography FAQs
Q: Do I need to draw maps in the theory paper?
Yes. Sketch maps are often required, especially for regional questions.
Q: Can I skip the practical questions?
No. Practical and map work questions carry heavy marks—prepare for them.
Q: What materials should I bring to the exam?
Bring pencils, ruler, eraser, calculator, and protractor for measurements.
Q: How many past years should I revise?
Aim for 7–10 years of past papers for full preparation.
Final Words
WAEC GCE Geography is not difficult when you understand the most tested topics and map skills. Repeated questions are common, and mastering them gives you a big advantage. Focus on practicing map reading, essay writing, and revising real-life examples from Nigeria.
“Study the world, understand your environment, and you'll pass Geography with ease.”
