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Ikiodiete George
- 3 Min Read
Waec Geography Exam (2025/2026): Full List Of Highly Repeated Topics & Past Questions
Geography in WAEC is a subject where questions are repeated every year, especially in map reading, physical geography, and economic activities. To pass WAEC Geography, you don’t have to cram — you just need to study the right topics and practice past questions regularly.
WAEC Geography rewards smart preparation. The more you focus on frequently asked topics, the higher your score.
This guide covers:
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Most repeated WAEC Geography topics
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Sample past questions
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Exam structure and grading
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Tips for scoring A1
Most Repeated Topics in WAEC Geography (2025/2026)
| Topic | Why It Repeats |
|---|---|
| Map Reading & Interpretation | Appears every year (compulsory question) |
| Weather and Climate | Always tested in theory and objectives |
| Rocks and Types of Rocks | Common in Paper 1 (Physical Geography) |
| Agents of Erosion (River, Wind, Ice) | Frequently repeated in essay questions |
| Population Studies | Compulsory in Human Geography |
| Economic Geography (Mining, Farming) | WAEC favorite — repeated every year |
| Transport and Communication | Popular with diagram-based questions |
| Environmental Problems (Pollution etc.) | Always comes up in objectives/theory |
| Settlement (Rural & Urban) | Key topic — appears in both papers |
| Africa: Countries & Capitals | Appears in map-based and political questions |
| Nigeria’s Resources & Relief | Frequently tested — core to national focus |
| Longitude, Latitude & Time Calculation | Often repeated in map reading |
Sample WAEC Geography Past Questions (with Answers)
1. Map Reading & Interpretation
Question: On the topographical map provided, describe the drainage pattern and identify any two settlement types.
(WAEC June 2022)
Answer:
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The drainage pattern is dendritic
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The settlement types are nucleated and dispersed
2. Rocks and Their Formation
Question: State three types of rocks and give one example of each.
(WAEC June 2023)
Answer:
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Igneous rock – Granite
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Sedimentary rock – Limestone
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Metamorphic rock – Marble
3. Population
Question: Explain three causes of population growth in West Africa.
(WAEC June 2021)
Answer:
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High birth rate
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Early marriages
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Improvement in medical care
4. Time Calculation
Question: If it is 12:00 noon in Accra (0°), what will be the time in Nairobi (37°E)?
(WAEC June 2020)
Answer:
Each 15° = 1 hour → 37° = approx. 2 hrs 28 mins
Time in Nairobi = 2:28 PM
5. Environmental Pollution
Question: List and explain two effects of oil spillage on the environment.
(WAEC June 2024)
Answer:
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Pollution of rivers and killing of aquatic life
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Destruction of farmland and soil fertility
WAEC Geography Paper Format
| Paper | Type | Content |
|---|---|---|
| Paper 1 | Objectives | 50 multiple-choice questions (1 hour) |
| Paper 2 | Essay/Theory | 5 essay questions; answer 4 (1 compulsory map reading) |
| Paper 3 | Practical/Map Reading | Includes map interpretation, fieldwork, and sketches |
WAEC Geography Grading System
| Grade | Score Range (%) | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| A1 | 75 – 100 | Excellent |
| B2 | 70 – 74 | Very Good |
| B3 | 65 – 69 | Good |
| C4 – C6 | 50 – 64 | Credit |
| D7 – E8 | 40 – 49 | Pass |
| F9 | Below 40 | Fail |
Smart Tips to Pass WAEC Geography
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Master Map Reading – Always attempt the compulsory map question first.
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Draw & Label Neatly – Diagrams should be clear and correctly titled.
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Revise Past Questions by Topic – Especially on population, rocks, and climate.
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Study the Geography of Nigeria – Relief, drainage, vegetation, and resources.
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Time Your Practice Sessions – Focus on speed and accuracy.
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Use Flashcards for Definitions – For key terms like erosion, igneous, longitude.
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Understand Key Diagrams – Population pyramids, rainfall graphs, wind roses.
WAEC Geography – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Is map reading compulsory in WAEC Geography?
Yes. It is always compulsory and carries high marks.
Q: How many questions do I answer in WAEC Geography theory?
Answer 4 essay questions — one is always compulsory (map reading).
Q: Are diagrams important in WAEC Geography?
Absolutely. Always include and label diagrams where needed.
Q: Can WAEC repeat Geography questions?
Yes. Topics like climate, rocks, and Nigeria's economy are frequently repeated.
Final Thoughts
WAEC Geography is not hard if you prepare with the right focus. Rather than trying to read everything, spend your time on topics WAEC repeats — especially map reading, economic geography, and population.
Study smart, not hard. Diagrams, maps, and well-labeled sketches can boost your score.
