Checkpoints or Revenue points? The untold story of Rural commuters in Delta State A drive through many rural and semi-urban communities in Delta State reveals a disturbing pattern of intimidation and alleged exploitation of road users by security personnels and local security groups. It is, therefore, unsurprising that transportation costs in many of these communities are significantly higher than in major urban centres such as Warri and Asaba. During a recent visit to a semi-urban community on the outskirts of Warri, I observed what appeared to be a well-organised system of unofficial revenue collection. Virtually every stretch of road was lined with checkpoints, some located less than 500 metres apart. Ordinarily, such a visible security presence would be reassuring, particularly given the security challenges facing many parts of the country. However, what I witnessed suggested that several of these checkpoints had evolved from security outposts into collection points. A System of Routine Payments ; Men and women dressed in various uniforms were stationed at these checkpoints. Many wore customised T-shirts, face caps, and uniforms bearing inscriptions such as "Vigilante" and "Nigerian Hunters Association." Most were armed with locally made firearms. Rather than conducting vehicle searches or security checks, the primary purpose of a checkpoint. The officials appeared focused on collecting money from motorists. At nearly every stop, drivers and riders were required to pay ₦200 before being issued a number. This practice was particularly common among commercial motorcyclists (okada riders) and tricycle operators, popularly known as keke riders. Interestingly, some riders were allowed to pass through subsequent checkpoints without making additional payments after reciting a previously issued number. Curious about the system, I asked my driver what the number represented. He explained that each driver is assigned a unique number after making payment. According to him, the number is often generated using digits from the vehicle's registration plate, either by adding to or subtracting from certain numbers. This, he said, explains why checkpoint officials first inspect the registration plate before issuing a code. Even when a driver provides the number verbally, officials often cross-check it against the vehicle's registration details before allowing passage. Consequences for Drivers Without a Number; According to several drivers, failure to provide the correct number can result in delays, even when all vehicle documents are complete and valid. In many cases, drivers are allegedly pressured to make fresh payments exceeding the standard ₦200 fee. Some drivers further claimed that those who refuse to comply or insist on their rights may be detained for extended periods. Passengers are sometimes asked to disembark while disputes are resolved, resulting in delays, lost income, and significant inconvenience. The Economic Impact on Communities; The financial burden imposed by these checkpoints extends far beyond transport operators. On a journey of just three to four kilometres, commuters may encounter three or four separate checkpoints operated by different groups. Drivers reported that these groups frequently relocate throughout the day, establishing new checkpoints and continuing collections at different locations. As a result, motorists may find themselves paying the same group multiple times in a single day simply because the checkpoint has been moved. One commercial driver disclosed that he spends between ₦2,000 and ₦3,000 daily on checkpoint payments alone. This figure excludes other operational expenses such as loading fees, ticket charges, fuel costs, vehicle maintenance, and routine repairs. Unsurprisingly, these costs are ultimately transferred to passengers and consumers. The result is a steady increase in transportation fares and the cost of goods and services within affected communities. In some areas, a journey of only two to three kilometres now costs between ₦600 and ₦800, placing additional pressure on residents already struggling with economic hardship. The Need for Urgent Intervention; The Delta State Government and the Commissioner of Police should urgently investigate and monitor the activities of vigilante groups and hunter associations operating checkpoints across rural and semi-urban communities. Community-based security initiatives can play an important role in maintaining peace and safeguarding lives and property. However, such groups must operate within clearly defined legal frameworks, subject to effective oversight and accountability mechanisms. Any form of extortion, harassment, or exploitation of road users should be identified, investigated, and addressed without delay. Eliminating illegal checkpoint levies would not only reduce the financial burden on transport operators but would also contribute to lower transportation costs and improved living standards for rural residents. As economic pressures continue to mount across the country, protecting citizens from unlawful exploitation on public roads should remain a priority for both government authorities and law enforcement agencies
