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Ohm's law for science students

Education 64 days ago Participants (3)
  • What is Ohm’s Law?

     

    Definition:

    Ohm’s Law states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across it, provided the temperature and other physical conditions remain constant.

     

    Explanation:

    This law shows the simple relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R). If you increase the voltage across a conductor, the current increases. If resistance increases, current decreases. It is the foundation of electrical circuits and electronics.

     

    Imagine:

    Think of water flowing through a pipe. The voltage is like water pressure, the current is the flow of water, and the resistance is like the pipe’s narrowness. Higher pressure = more flow, narrower pipe = less flow.

     

    In simple terms:

    Ohm’s Law says current = voltage ÷ resistance.

     

    Formula:

    V = I × R

     

    Where:

    • V = voltage (volts)

    • I = current (amperes)

    • R = resistance (ohms, Ω)

     

    Key Points:

    • Current increases with voltage.

    • Current decreases with resistance.

    • Linear relationship holds for “ohmic” conductors (like metals).

    • Not valid for devices like diodes or transistors (non-ohmic).

     

    Examples:

    • A 12 V battery connected to a 6 Ω resistor → I = 2 A.

    • Electric heaters and light bulbs use Ohm’s Law in design.

    • Electronics calculations for safe current levels.

     

    Applications / Relevance:

    • ⚡ Circuit design.

    • 🔋 Battery and power supply systems.

    • 💡 Household appliances.

    • 🏭 Industrial electronics.

    • 📚 Physics education.

     

    Question:

    Does Ohm’s Law apply to all materials?

     

    Answer:

    No, it only applies to ohmic conductors (with constant resistance). Non-linear devices (like diodes, semiconductors) do not strictly obey Ohm’s Law.

     

     

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