What are vitamins?

𝐋𝐞𝐭'𝐬 𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐤 𝐚𝐭 𝐕𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐍𝐒 💨

What are Vitamins❓🤔

These are non-energy producing substances needed in small quantities in the body for healthy growth and development. They include: Vitamin A, B complex, C, D, E and K

• Vitamin A (𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐨𝐥):

Functions:

— Promotes vision

— Regulates growth of the epithelial tissue

Deficiency:

— Xeropthalmia (Dry cornea)

— Nyctalopia (Night blindness)

— Dry and scaly skin

• Vitamin Bcomplex: Is divided into;

1. Vitamin B1 (𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐞):

Functions:

— Proper growth

— Carbohydrates metabolism

— Functional nervous system

Deficiency:

— Beri-beri

— Nervous disorder

2. Vitamin B2 (𝐑𝐢𝐛𝐨𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐧):

Functions:

— Carbohydrate and fat metabolism

— Healthy skin

— Improves normal vision

Deficiency:

— Cracking of the skin at the side of the mouth

— Blurred vision

— Wrinkling of the eyes

3. Vitamin B3 (𝐍𝐢𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐧):

Functions:

— Healthy skin

— Proper growth

Deficiency:

— Pellagra

— Nervous disorder

4. Vitamin B5 (𝐏𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝):

Functions:

— Used in the formation of Acetyl coenzyme A

— Lower cholesterol level in the body.

— Moisturize the skin.

Deficiency:

— Retarded growth

— Dermatitis

5. Vitamin B6 (𝐏𝐲𝐫𝐢𝐝𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐧𝐞):

Function:

— Decarboxylation of amino acid

— Helps in the production of antibodies.

Deficiency:

— Anaemia

— Nausea, rashes

6. Vitamin B7 (𝐁𝐢𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐧):

Function:

— Essential for growth and carbohydrate metabolism

Deficiency:

— Loss of Appetite (Anorexia👌)

— Weakness

7. Vitamin B9 (𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝):

Functions:

— Essential for growth

— Formation of blood cells (RBCs esp.)

— Acts as a co-enzyme

Deficiency:

— Megaloblastic anaemia

— Bleeding of kidneys

8. Vitamin B12 (𝐂𝐲𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐜𝐨𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐧):

Functions:

— Formation of red blood cells

— Maintains nervous activities

Deficiency:

— Pernicious anaemia

— Hyperglycemia

• Vitamin C (𝐀𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐛𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝):

Functions:

— Formation of red blood cells

— Maintains strength of blood vessels, heart, muscles, teeth and gums.

— Acts as an antioxidant.

Deficiency:

— Scurvy

— Delay healing of wounds

— Bleeding under skin around joints

• Vitamin D (𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐜𝐢𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐥):

Functions:

— Regulates calcium and phosphorus absorption

— Growth in bones and teeth

Deficiency:

— Osteomalacia (in adults)

— Rickets (in children)

• Vitamin E (𝐓𝐨𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐥):

Functions:

— Acts as an antioxidant

— Essential for the reproductive system

Deficiency:

— Sterility in some animals

— Weak muscles

• Vitamin K (𝐏𝐡𝐲𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐪𝐮𝐢𝐧𝐨𝐧𝐞):

Function:

— Essential for the formation of prothrombin which helps in the coagulation of the blood during blood clotting.

Deficiency:

— Haemorrhage (failure of the blood to clot)

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What are vitamins?

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